Frantz Fanon.

In Memory of Emmett Louis Till.

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In April 1994, the parents of two-year-old Samuel Ishimwe were murdered in Rwanda. Their fate was shared by up to a million people in the genocide against the country’s Tutsi minority. Thirty years on, Samuel sets out to discover what set these terrible events in motion.

He undertakes a journey from Rwanda to Germany and Belgium, both former colonial powers in the small East African nation. He hopes it will help him to understand the basis for the Hutu majority’s animosity towards the country’s small Tutsi minority. In Rwanda and Europe, Samuel meets with historians and contemporary witnesses. He wants to understand what happened to make people in his homeland turn on each other in such a way. What role was played by the "Hamite hypothesis,” a theory that assigned the Tutsis racial superiority? What’s the story behind all the human skulls taken to Germany from Rwanda more than 100 years ago? And, he asks, are the former colonial powers to blame for the fact that his parents, like so many other Rwandans, had to die? Or do the Rwandans bear the responsibility for the terrible mass murders that occurred between April and July 1994?

Whereas Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda saw themselves as belonging to different social classes, the German colonial rulers who were here from the late 19th century until 1916 defined them along ethnic, racial lines. In the 19th century, many Tutsis were members of an upper class with assets that included valuable cattle. The Hutus, on the other hand, were usually farmers with little or no livestock. For centuries, the kings of Rwanda were Tutsis. The Belgians drove the Germans out of Rwanda in World War One and assumed control of the country until its independence in 1962. These colonial rulers exacerbated the divisions between Hutus and Tutsis, exploiting discord to further their own interests. In the second half of the 1950s, the Belgians withdrew their support for the king and the ruling Tutsi government, facilitating a Hutu power grab. Large numbers of Tutsis came under attack at the time. Hundreds of thousands fled the country.

30 years after the genocide, peace now prevails in Rwanda. President Kagame’s policies have worked to break down adherence to Hutu and Tutsi identities. Does this mean that the country’s dark past and the distrust that long simmered between the groups has now been overcome?


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Jews and Hollywoodism.

The Tragedy Of Sarah Baartman.

Nana Frances Cress Welsing.

A documentary on the Nubian Archers - Longbow-men of Africa.
⁣In this Units of History documentary we explore the story of the Nubian Archers - Longbowmen of Africa. The episode begins with an introduction to the lands of the Nile, its geography, and the entwined development of both Egypt and Nubia. In this context it appears that the Nubian Archers existed from the very start as skilled hunters in southern civilization. Over time they would develop such a reputation that the ancient Egyptians would call the area of ancient Nubia, Tah-Seti, the Land of the Bow. Both the Egyptian Army and the Nubian Army would clash for centuries along the Nile. Such was the threat from Nubia that the Pharaohs began to fortify the region of the first cataract with a series of Egyptian Fortifications like the Buhen Fortress. Yet even still the Nubian Archers could not be stopped and their armies are said to have regularly managed to storm these bastions. The Egyptians recognized the military prowess of the Nubian Archers and quickly hired them as mercenaries in their own armies. This was a trend that would continue with later Empires that interacted with the Lands of Nubia. We talk specifically about what the equipment of these Nubian archers, how they were trained, how they were organized, and how they fought in battle. Finally the documentary concludes with an overview of their service history that would span hundreds of years through the Kingdom of Kerma, the Kingdom of Napata, and the Kingdom of Meroe. Stay tuned for more Units of History episodes and let us know what units you would like to see covered next! I'm excited to also cover more of the history of Nubia and African history in general! For now you can check out our previous episodes on Ancient Egypt and the Roman Invasion of Nubia.

Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/invicta. Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch "The Story of Egypy" about the history of the Nile civilizations, and the rest of MagellanTV’s documentary collection: https://www.magellantv.com/ser....ies/the-story-of-egy and Suggested Reading:“The Kingdom of Kush: Handbook of the Napatan-Meroitic Civilization” by László Török“Aksum and Nubia: Warfare, Commerce, and Political Fictions in Ancient Northeast Africa” by George Hatke“Ancient Nubia” by Shinnie“Kerma Kushites." by Hansberry. W., & Johnson, E.“The Histories” by Herodotus“Ancient Egyptian Bows and Arrows and their Relevance for African Prehistory” by J. D. Clark “Wrestling in Ancient Nubia” by Scott T. Carroll Credits:Research = InvictaWriting = InvictaNarration = Guy MichaelsArtwork = Penta Limited#history#africa#documentary

A documentary on the Roman invasion of Nubia and the Kingdom of Kush (24 BC).
⁣In this history documentary we explore another one of the forgotten wars when the Roman army marched beyond the frontiers to explore parts unknown. However in order to contextualize this expedition we spend time exploring the ancient History of Egypt and the History of Nubia. We begin by looking at the geographic features of the Nile which influenced the development of the civilizations along its banks. Next we look at the intertwined development of both Egyptian and Nubian kingdoms over the eras. This covers the overlap of the Old Kingdom of Egypt, the Middle Kingdom of Egypt, and the New Kingdom of Egypt with the Kingdom of Kerma, the Kingdom of Napata, and the Kingdom of Meroe. Finally we discuss how the Roman Empire became involved in Egypt and African history. This began with Pompey and Caesar during their civil war. When Rome then chose to support the Ptolemaic rule of Cleopatra they then further became invovled. The queen would support Mark Antony in his civil war against Octavian but the eastern forces would ultimately lose at the Battle of Actium. Following this event, Octavian, now turned Augustus, would annex Egypt. Over the following decades, the emperor would embark on fresh conquests to win gold and glory. One was the Roman Invasion of Arabia and the other was the Roman invasion of Ethiopia. We covered the former in a previous video and spend the remainder of our time seeing how the conflict into Nubia would unfold. This involves a fascinating series of campaigns fought between Kandake Amanirenas and Gaius Petronius with armies of 30,000 and 10,000 respectively. Its a fascinating look into the African history that rarely gets covered.

Watch more African history documentaries with MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/invicta. It's an exclusive offer for our viewers! Start your free trial today. MagellanTV is a new kind of streaming service run by filmmakers with 3,000+ documentaries! Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: https://www.magellantv.com/explore/history.Sources and Suggested Reading:“Geography - Book 16-17” by Strabo“The Natural History - Chapter 35” by Pliny the Elder“Histories - Book 3, 7” by Herodotus“History of Africa” by Kevin Shillington“The Kingdoms of Kush” by The National GeographicCredits:Research = InvictaWriting = InvictaNarration = InvictaArtwork = Gabriel Cassata#history#rome#africa

History documentary on the Mali Cavalry, Knights of Africa! Dive into this period with the book "Griots Tell No Lies".
⁣In this Units of History episode we turn our attention beyon the traditional confines of medieval history to explore the realm of West Africa and in particular the African Knights of the Mali Empire. We begin with a general overview of the region's geography which spans the vast, diverse lands between the Sahrara desert and the Atlantic ocean. We then explore the rise of the Ghana Empire which set the stage for our story. Upon this great power's fall in the 11th century of Medieval Africa, the region would fall into conflict. For a time the Sosso rose as successors. However they would be challenged by the southern Mandinka people. Their clash for the fate of the realm would be decided by the charge of heavy cavalry. But to understand the dynamics of this fight we cover the equipment, training, tactics, and organization of these Knights of Africa.
(US link https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0CSBMW7MN?ref_=cm_sw_r_apin_dp_NG25M2V1BX5WB4DX8J2E&language=en-US) (UK linkhttps://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0CSBMW7MN?nodl=1&ref_=cm_sw_r_apin_dp_6DQJ88KWK1X5AMYGFBNN&language=en-GB&dplnkId=d5c97219-e5b5-4894-a102-23b3a618ceb1)
Sources:Spring, Christopher, African Arms and Armour, British Museum Press, 1993Walker, Robin, When We Ruled: The Ancient and Medieval History of Black Civilizations, Black Classic Press, 2011Diop, Cheikh Anta, Precolonial Black Africa, A Cappella Books, 1988Niane, Djibril Tamsir, Sundiata: an Epic of Old Mali, Pearson Longman; 2nd edition, 2006Music:"Desert Night" by Luke PN"Heart of Africa" by Luke PN"Life in Africa" by Luke PNCredits:Research = J. BelaScript = InvictaNarration = Guy MichaelsArt = Penta LimitedOther Units of AfricaNubian Archers https://youtu.be/qvO3_kYRRw8?s....i=uZU_v0llG8EEWzwSNu Cavalry https://youtu.be/3tv7EbkrX38?s....i=Od9YOK0f5umzjyBZSa Band of Carthage https://youtu.be/oX3y1GYcCEY?s....i=Wwn6eKMQPyAb-ww4Ca War Elephants https://youtu.be/hDSRHGFCWEo?s....i=FCL-J7gUvR_vS9ZlTi Intro02:57 West Africa07:00 Origins10:08 Equipment15:29 Blacksmithing16:43 Training20:53 Organization22:56 Service History26:20 Outro#africa #history #documentary