Against the backdrop of today's refugee crisis in the Mediterranean, another tragedy has gone almost unreported on the east coast of Africa between Mozambique and Madagascar.

Mayotte, one of the four islands in the Comoros archipelago, used to be a French Overseas Territory but now is part of France, the 101st departement of the Republic. But it is also at the centre of a crisis unfolding in the Indian Ocean. Mayotte covers almost 400 square kilometres and has a population of about 214,000, the majority of whom are Muslim. It is surrounded by coral reefs and the ancient Arab sailors whose ships often came to grief on its shores named it the "Island of Death".

Most recently, the racial tension on Mayotte boiled over resulting in anti-immigration groups deporting hundreds of Comorans from their village homes as they protested what they called "clandestine immigration".

Since visas to enter Mayotte were introduced in 1995, thousands of islanders from Grande Comore, Anjouan and Moheli have drowned trying to get there.

They largely travel in small boats known as kwasa-kwasa, which are prone to capsizing on the 70-kilometre journey from Anjouan to Mayotte. Reliable casualty figures are hard to come by. They are also disputed, with the governor of Anjouan once claiming that more than 50,000 had drowned since 1995. French estimates are much lower, between 7,000 and 10,000.

The Mayotte immigration problem and the discrepancy between the different death toll estimates are partly rooted in the colonial history of the archipelago. To understand why so many people see Mayotte as offering a better life and risk their lives trying to get there, we follow the stories of four men, Taher, Mohammed, Matar Yacoub and Ahmad Ibrahim, each of whom is at a different stage of that journey.

Taher heard that life was good on the island, but discovered that the reality was quite different. He arrived in Mayotte illegally and he and his family live as inconspicuously as possible to avoid deportation.

Mohammed arrived legally 20 years ago but is still waiting for his asylum application to be processed.

Matar Yacoub was detained in a holding centre in conditions that a 2008 Council of Europe human rights report described as "unacceptable". The body appealed to the French authorities to ensure that "human rights and dignity" were respected in such centres. Matar talks about overcrowded boats, rough seas and alleges that French ships deliberately flood the small kwasa-kwasa so that they sink.

Finally, Ahmad Ibrahim is planning his journey to Mayotte, desperate to provide his family with more than is on offer on Anjouan.

The French government estimates that as many as 40 percent of Mayotte's population is made up of what it calls illegal residents, referring to them as being in "une situation irreguliere". Ibrahim Aboubacar, the French MP for Mayotte, says that "foreigners" on the island are a burden on both healthcare and education facilities.

The immigrants' living conditions are undoubtedly poor. They live in fear of the French authorities and deportation and can suffer different forms of discrimination.

Taher laments that "even though we [Comorans] are one people", the people of Mayotte "don't consider us as their brothers". He says: "When some of them hear a kwasa-kwasa boat has sunk, they celebrate rather than feeling sad."

Island of Death looks at the Comoros' colonial past and why Mayotte split from the other three islands.The French presence in the archipelago goes back to 1841. The four islands became a French colony in 1912 but were granted a limited form of independence in 1961. In 1974, a referendum was held in which a majority of islanders voted for complete independence. France refused to ratify the result - so the Comoros announced unilateral independence in July 1975.

France ignored the proclamation, although five months later it did recognise the independence of Grande Comore, Anjouan and Moheli - but not Mayotte.

In February 1976, France held a second referendum on Mayotte, which voted heavily in favour of retaining its French connection. Ahmad Thabit, a diplomat and researcher, argues that the referendums were "organised, controlled and supervised" by France.

There was a coup in the independent Comoros later in 1976, followed by a counter-coup two years later carried out by French mercenaries led by the soldier of fortune, Bob Denard.

This triggered an almost 20-year period of coups and political instability on the three independent islands.

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Pichon: Book on racism in Cuba - Carlos Moore

⁣CURSO COM O PROF. DR. CARLOS MOORE - “O MARXISMO E A QUESTÃO RACIAL”

Que o movimento negro brasileiro não se engane: a esquerda o usa quando convém. Quando não mais convém, joga-o fora. Reparem na preocupação do sr. Moore, exilado no Brasil há 15 anos, em relação aos movimentos comunistas neste país. Não é mais um brasileiro com acesso à internet que descreve o modus operandi e os crimes dos regimes socialistas, especialmente cubano, mas um homem que participara efetivamente de tudo!

Fidel Castro por Carlos Moore.
------------------------
Carlos Moore (Nascido Charles Moore Wedderburn em Cuba, em 1942), é um escritor, pesquisador e cientista social dedicado ao registro da história e da cultura negra.
É conhecido internacionalmente pela luta contra o racismo, pelo panafricanismo e por ter escrito a biografia autorizada do cantor, saxofonista e ativista nigeriano Fela Kuti:"Fela, Esta vida Puta"

Biografia
Sua família era formada por pessoas de diversas ilhas das Antilhas: o pai biológico era de Trinidad e os pais dele, seus avós, eram de Barbados; o pai que o adotou era jamaicano e a mãe era natural de ilhas da região.
Ele viveu em Cuba até os 15 anos e mudou-se para Nova Iorque, Estados Unidos, em 1958. Lá conheceu Maya Angelou, com quem aprendeu muito sobre justiça racial e o pensamento intelectual negro. Retornou a Cuba em seguida juntando-se ao movimento revolucionário liderado por Fidel Castro. Ele concordava com os princípios revolucionários, mas discordava das autoridades sobre a discriminação racial persistente em Cuba.
Depois de ser preso algumas vezes, deixa a ilha em 1963, rumo à França. Lá ele conhece outros ativistas negros como o senegalês Alioune Diop e o filósofo poeta da Martinica Aimé Césaire e passa a trabalhar como jornalista na Agence France-Presse. Na França, inicia sua vida acadêmica e trabalha também como jornalista.
Ao longo de sua carreira como militante, esteve ao lado de Malcolm X, Cheikh Anta Diop, Aimé Césaire, Stokely Carmichael, Lelia Gonzalez, Walterio Carbonell, Abdias Nascimento, Harold Cruse, Alex Haley.
Desde 2000 ele vive no Brasil com a família, aproveitando para escrever suas memórias e conhecer mais da cultura latino-americana.
Vida acadêmica
Sua carreira como acadêmico e pesquisador foi marcada pelo título de Doutor em Etnologia, em 1979, e Doutorado em Ciências Humanas, em 1983, ambos pela Universidade de Paris-7.
Entre 1984 e 2000 foi Professor Visitante na Universidade Internacional da Flórida (EUA), Universidade do Caribe (Trinidad-Tobago), e Universidade do Caribe Francês (Martinica e Guadalupe).

Obras
Marxismo e a questão racial: Karl Marx e Friederich Engels frente ao racismo e à escravidão. Belo Horizonte: Nandyala Editora, 2010.
• Pichón: Race and Revolution in Castro´s Cuba, Chicago : Lawrence Hill Books, 2008.
• A África que Incomoda: sobre a problematização do legado africano no quotidiano brasileiro, Belo Horizonte: Nandyala Editora, 2008.
• Racismo e Sociedade: Novas bases epistemológicas para entender o racismo, Belo Horizonte: Mazza Edições, 2007.
• African Presence in the Americas, Trenton, NJ : Africa World Press, 1995;
• Castro, the Blacks, and Africa, Los Angeles : CAAS/UCLA, 1989.
• Were Marx and Engels Racists? - The prolet-Aryan outlook of Marx and Engels, Chicago : IPE, 1972.

Seminario Fela kuti na UERJ

Mandela Day 18 de julho de 2020
Realizacao Nandyala às 18h pelo canal @nandyalalivrariaeditora
Mestre Carlos Moore (Cuba) falando sobre as origens do racismo, racismo estrutural, escravidão racial, antirracismo, racismo no século xxi

Lançamento do livro Racismo e Sociedade (3.ed.2020)

Mediação Iris Amâncio (UFF) apoio LICAFRO - UFF

Disponível originalmente no perfil do face @nandyalalivrariaeditora

Le professeur Théophile Obenga , parrain de la quinzième édition du festival Ciné Droit Libre est l'invité de ce plateau spécial. Avec les journalistes Dénise Coulibaly et Paul Miki Rouamba, il s'est agit d'échanger sur le thème de l'édition 2019 "Qu'est ce que la democratie ?", ainsi que de l'engagement auprès de l'Afrique, de celui qu'on considère comme le seul disciple vivant de Cheik Anta Diop.