While most of her neighbors are either livestock or crop farmers, Karen Ndunge has concentrated her energies on a farming venture few are interested in.
Chili is an all-season crop that can be planted at any time of the year. However, with the ongoing rains all over the country, farmers can take advantage to plant the crop.
Fresh green chilli is rich in vitamin C, an important element that improves the immune system. It is used to make food spices.
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How to become a successful farmer in Zimbabwe despite climate change, drought and other harsh weather conditions

⁣These are the places I’m stumble upon here in Ghana. Nicely designed and fully accommodating with internet and amenities.

Bob Marley - Could You Be Loved

Manyu traditional dance

[ESPAÑOL]
Los orígenes de la antigua Kush
Tienes que conocer el mundo antiguo para comprender el mundo moderno. Durante años, la historia y las contribuciones de Kush a la civilización mundial fueron en gran parte tergiversadas. Los primeros arqueólogos europeos lo explicaron como un reflejo o colonia de Egipto cuando Egipto se ha explicado durante mucho tiempo como un producto del Cercano Oriente y el Mediterráneo (no de África).
El legendario Reino de Kush, la madre de las civilizaciones africanas, una cultura deslumbrante que floreció en la región conocida como Nubia (que se extiende desde el Alto Nilo hasta el Mar Rojo, lo que hoy es Egipto y Sudán) hace casi 5.000 años y rigió el mundo durante milenios. La región se convirtió en un importante centro comercial de productos del interior africano, el desierto árabe y la cuenca mediterránea. Kush pone de manifiesto el papel que desempeñaron los africanos en un mundo antiguo interconectado.
Durante mucho tiempo, los académicos eurocéntricos no concibieron que una civilización negra fuera tan avanzada. Las antiguas culturas nubias eran sofisticadas y cosmopolitas. Afortunadamente, la verdad sobre esta civilización africana está emergiendo gradualmente a medida que los restos arqueológicos sobrevivientes de Kush revelan un fascinante pueblo antiguo desconocido para el mundo. Ésta es la verdad de la historia africana y debería enseñarse en todas las escuelas. Los europeos ven la antigua Grecia simbólicamente como la madre de su civilización (que también fue influenciada por las civilizaciones africanas clásicas). Los africanos debemos ver a Kush como nuestro gran antepasado. Basándose en sus estudios, viajes, excavaciones y trabajo de campo, Nubia Wardford Polk, nos lo cuenta en "Los origenes de la antigua Kush"

NUBIA WARDFORD-POLK, M.A., Antropóloga / Científica Cultural (Arqueóloga) Nubia Wardford-Polk tiene una maestría en arqueología histórica especializada en arqueología del mundo africano, mundos históricos y prehistóricos. Su participación e investigación primaria en arqueología, antropología e investigación histórica dieron como resultado conclusiones sobre la importancia de la civilización antigua kushita / merolítica (antiguo Sudán) que es anterior a Egipto.
[ENGLISH]
The Cycle of Conferences on African and the African Diaspora Studies [CEADA] invites to the conference “Origins of Ancient Kush” presented by Nubia Wardford-Polk, M.A.
The Cycle of Conferences on African and the African Diaspora Studies has been created to disseminate Afrocentric and Pan-Africanist thought through the experiences and contributions of Africans and their descendants worldwide. It is an open and permanent space where experts in different areas of knowledge are invited. The dialogue revolves around issues of collective interest and from the Afrocentric, Pan-Africanist, and anti-colonialist perspectives.
Origins of Ancient Kush
You have to know the ancient world to understand the modern world. For years, Kush's history and contributions to world civilization were largely misrepresented. Early European archaeologists explained it as a reflection or colony of Egypt when Egypt has long been explained as a product of the Near East and the Mediterranean (not Africa).
The legendary Kingdom of Kush, the mother of African civilizations, a dazzling culture that flourished in the region known as Nubia (stretching from the Upper Nile to the Red Sea, what is now Egypt and Sudan) nearly 5,000 years ago and ruled the world for millennia. The region became an important commercial center for products from the African interior, the Arab desert, and the Mediterranean basin. Kush makes evident the role that Africans played in an interconnected ancient world.
For a long time, Eurocentric scholars did not conceive that a black civilization was so advanced. The ancient Nubian cultures were sophisticated and cosmopolitan. Fortunately, the truth about this African civilization is gradually emerging as the surviving archaeological remains of Kush reveal a fascinating ancient people unknown to the world. This is the truth of African history, and it should be taught in all schools. Europeans see ancient Greece symbolically as the mother of their civilization (which was also influenced by classical African civilizations). We Africans must see Kush as our great ancestor. Based on his studies, travel, excavations, and fieldwork, Nubia Wardford Polk tells us about it in "Origins of ancient Kush."

NUBIA WARDFORD-POLK, M.A., Anthropologist / Cultural Scientist (Archaeologist)
Nubia Wardford-Polk holds an M.A in Historical Archaeology specializing in Archaeology of the African world, Historic, and Prehistoric worlds. Her involvement and primary research in archaeology, anthropology, and historical research resulted in conclusions regarding the importance of the Ancient Kushite/Merolitic (Ancient Sudan) civilization which predates Egypt.

Nubian Archaeological Project
http://www.ancientnubiancities.com/

Using a manual method of borehole drilling, USAID's Ghana WASH Project is able to reach more remote communities with a low-cost, locally feasible method of improving water access.

The Ghana WASH Project is a USAID-funded project to improve rural water, sanitation and hygiene in five regions. The project is implemented by Relief International, Winrock International and ADRA International. The technical expertise in manual drilling is thanks to Relief International/EnterpriseWorks.

Learn more: www.ghanawashproject.org

Does your hand dug well run dry? Is the wall of your well unstable and dangerous for someone to dig deeper? Often the bottom of your well is than sandy. In that case the Mzuzu drill can help. Learn how it is done.
It is advisable to add a simple ground water recharge system to increase your ground water level. Learn how with the help of SMART Centre Zambia.
Also learn how to make a Mzuzu drill set, recharge your groundwater level, make pumps and install them in another Jacana SMART Centre video.

Many hand dug wells dry up at the end of the dry season, because more water is taken out than is coming in by the natural recharge. Reasons of limited groundwater recharge are heavy rainfall in short time, (climate change) compact topsoil layers, erosion because of loss of vegetation, etc. Options to increase the recharge of ground water are above or underground dams, the planting of trees and plants such as vetivar grass, making contour canals etc. An other option is the so called “Tube recharge”. This low-cost option combines a manually drilled hole with a drainage tube, a filter and a small pond. Rainwater, that otherwise would run off to rivers or evaporate, thus penetrates into the ground and reaches the first aquifer.
Download the free manual from MetaMeta at:
- www.metameta.nl/publications
Also visit:
- https://justdiggit.org
- www.gaia-movement.org

This tutorial explains manual borehole drilling with locally made equipment. Animations show what is happening in the ground.
SHIPO drilling is a combination of several techniques and can reach 40m deep.
The video explains about:
- stone punching
- augering
- percussion jetting
- (hand) slugging
- casing pipe design
- casing installation
- developing and cleaning the borehole
All in 15 minutes only. But remember Simple is not Easy, lots of practice and guidance by professionals is needed to become a good manual driller. This can be provided by one of the SMART Centres close to you see www.smartcentregroup.com.
Free manuals are available at www.jacana.help/resources/water