⁣ShakaRa breaks down the Geo-Political History of Ayiti from 1804 to the present day.

Further Research Recommendations below.

Check out the original video by Economics Explained here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1k8TXQWVsoI

"Why Is Africa Poor" by Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson: https://economics.mit.edu/site....s/default/files/publ

Book Recommendations:

Austen, Ralph A. Trans-Saharan Africa in World History. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2010.

Conrad, David C. Empires of Medieval West Africa: Ghana, Mali, and Songhay. Chelsea House Publishers, 2010.

Ehret, Christopher. Civilizations of Africa: A history to 1800. Charlottesville: The University of Virginia Press, 2018.
(This one is super long and a bit academic, but covers an extremely broad timeframe and area, and goes much further back than most history books on Africa.)

Fauvelle , Francois-Xavier. The Golden Rhinoceros: Histories of the African Middle Ages. S.l.: Princeton University Press, 2021. (This book covers a lot of topics in African history over a pretty wide area, but isn't overwhelmingly long)

Gomez, Michael A. African Dominion: A New History of Empire in Early and Medieval West Africa. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019. (Very good book on Medieval Sahelian history)

Parker, John, and David Adjaye. Great Kingdoms of Africa. Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 2023. (This book features articles written by different scholars on a variety of topics from across Africa, and like The Golden Rhinoceros it's not too long. Great place to get a taste of history from across the continent)

Phillipson, David W. Foundations of an African Civilisation: Aksum and the Northern Horn, 1000 BC - AD 1300. Oxford: James Currey, 2012.

Thornton, John. Africa and Africans in the making of the Atlantic World: 1400-1800. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2007. (Probably my favorite book an Atlantic Africa)

The Cambridge History of Africa (Volumes 1-5 for Pre-Colonial History)

African History-Focused Channel Recommendations:
@FromNothing
@hiddenhist
@Bamise
@hometeamhistory806
@Mrminibagel
@medievalafrica
@ronuspirit

Video Recommendations from channels not specifically focused on African history:
Mansa Musa and Islam in Africa: Crash Course World History #16:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvnU0v6hcUo&ab_channel=CrashCourse
Int'l Commerce, Snorkeling Camels, and The Indian Ocean Trade: Crash Course World History #18:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6XtBLDmPA0
Kongo: Central African Superpower - African Empires Ep. 5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TUvfo0Vkr84
What Wheelbarrows can teach us about World History: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRnwg3dpboc
Brief History Of Africa Before Colonialism -- How did we get there?: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHrGorccjcg
Medieval transport - the beginners' guide (this one isn't related to African history directly, but elaborates on some of the stuff I talked about regarding transportation in this video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=tdguh1D-fOk&ab_channel=Lindybeige

My own videos on West African History:

The Kingdom of Benin (Edo Empire) | West Africa's Longest Lasting State: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I86yPms8fys
The Ghana Empire (Wagadu) - Africa's Land of Gold: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuKV_Fd4vfs

Apparently my citations are too long to include in this description, so I'll put them in a pinned comment.


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00:00 Intro
00:55 Claim: The Sahara Isolated Sub-Saharan Africa
01:25 Trans-Saharan Contact
03:45 Nile Valley and Red Sea Trade
04:10 The Horn and Arabia
04:41 The Swahili Coast and Indian Ocean Trade
05:26 Actual Possible Barriers in Africa
06:11 Claim: Africans Never Developed Farming
07:00 Independent Crop Domestication in Africa
07:58 Introduced Crops in Africa
08:07 Animal Agriculture in Africa
08:52 Spread of Farming in Africa
09:32 Hunter-Gatherer Populations
10:54 MIT Study
12:25 Claims About The Wheel
13:50 Wheel Use in Sub-Saharan Africa
14:14 Saharan Wheels
14:51 Non-Wheeled Transport
16:25 Reasons for the Decline of Wheeled Transport
18:54 Conclusion + Source Recommendations

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Kwame Nkrumah was the leader of Ghana from independence until his deposition by a CIA-back coup d'etat in 1966, as well as one of the principal political and philosophical leaders of the Pan-African movement. While friendly with countries such as the Soviet Union, Nkrumah's Ghana was part of the non-aligned movement, and Nkrumah's political philosophy is typically described as a syncretic mixture of Marxism and traditional African cultural ideas.

While the defeats of socialist experiments in West African countries like Ghana and Guinea-Conakry urge reflection on the successes and failures of these ideologies and movements, Nkrumah remains a key figure in the history and competing ideologies of African liberation movements, and thus he, and Neo-Colonialism: The Last Stage of Imperialism, his most famous work, merit study in order to enrich our understanding of African history.

You can read a version of this text here:
https://archive.org/details/Ne....oColonialismTheLastS

I collect no fees or advertising money by sharing readings of important texts. If you would like to help cover the costs of equipment, hosting fees, and materials to allow me to continue sharing revolutionary, anti-imperialist, and anti-colonial writings, you can become a Patron at:
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Human-kind begins in Africa, evolving to become anatomically modern humans 300,000 years ago in Africa. Significant out-migrations from Africa began 95,000 years ago into different habitats on earth, leading to the human differentiation that created the "races".

Originally released on CTI Records LP "Sunflower" (CTI 6024)
Vibraphone/Songwriter: Milt Jackson
Trumpet: Freddie Hubbard
Bass: Ron Carter
Piano: Herbie Hancock
Harp: Margaret Ross
Percussion: Ralph MacDonald
Producer: Creed Taylor

The religious beliefs of Israel were rooted in the shared culture of Canaan. Although it had unique attributes that differed from the Canaanites, it still found expression in shared practices and language. Some traditional practices couldn't be merged with Yahwism, but others like sacred poetry, music, and architecture were adopted and became integral to Israelite religion. The Old Testament's embrace or rejection of these elements means that Canaanite religious influences still affect us today through biblical narratives.Before the findings at Ugarit-Ras Shamra, our knowledge of Canaanite religion was minimal and largely from indirect sources. The Old Testament did mention Canaanite deities and rituals, but these were often in a negative light, making interpretations challenging. Mentions of Canaanite gods and rituals were also found in Egyptian, Mesopotamian, and Phoenician writings, including the Karatepe inscriptions from 1946. However, these weren't enough to form a complete understanding. Greek historians provided accounts of Canaanite beliefs, but it was hard to distinguish authentic traditions from later additions. Excavations at places like Byblos and Megiddo gave us glimpses, but only a fragmentary picture.Now, thanks to discoveries at Ras Shamra (ancient Ugarit) in North Syria, the Canaanites tell their own story. Hundreds of clay tablets found there, written in a dialect close to Biblical Hebrew, offer rich insights. These tablets feature extensive mythological poems, records related to temple services, lists of deities and sacrifices, and details about temple workers and rituals. Additionally, artifacts linked to gods like Baal and Dagon, including temple remains and stelae, have been uncovered.It's crucial to understand that while there was a core Canaanite religious belief, local variations existed. Not every Canaanite city would have worshiped all the gods we know from the texts. Canaanite religion was more of a public affair than a personal one. Its rituals, mostly centered on ensuring fertility, were community events. Though there were individual acts of devotion, as seen in Phoenician inscriptions, the religion was mainly a communal way to connect with nature's forces. This involved practices believed to ensure continued creation and rejuvenation. The prominence of some deities in mythological writings doesn't always reflect their actual popularity among Canaanite devotees. Conversely, some gods, like Dagon, had a minimal role in myths—merely acknowledged as Baal's father—but seemed quite revered, as evidenced by a dedicated temple and two stelae in Ugarit.EL, the hebrew word for GOD, is the Supreme God and creator, and shows up as ALLAH in arabic.YHWH’s revelation is always at a mountain, whether called Sinai or Horeb, pictures the event is a volcanic eruption. As these texts show, volcanism seems to be an essential attribute typically associated with YHWH, linking him to the Craftsman Metalurgy gods I mentioned before. The account of the Sinai revelation, with its volcanic imagery, is meant to show that YHWH himself, and not simply a divine emissary, but a Demiurgic Crafstman.Some believe Mount Sinai might be one of these Arabian volcanoes, which the Israelites approached after departing Egypt. The Kenites seem to have been skilled metalworkers. Genesis 4 discusses Cain's descendant, Tubal-Cain, as a craftsman skilled in molding copper and iron. Semitic cognates of Cain hint that metallurgical activities were integral to its meaning. Hence, Cain might originally have represented the pioneering figure in metallurgy, with the Kenites—both metalworkers and smelters—as his successors. Their association with a volcanic deity like YHWH becomes clearer in this context.00:00:00 - Intro00:02:21 - Chapter 1: Canaanite Religion00:05:33 - Chapter 2: the God EL00:07:14 - Chapter 3: Divine Craftsman00:10:38 - Chapter 4: PTAH, Demiruge00:12:48 - Chapter 5: Elephantine Jews00:17:27 - Chapter 6: Yahweh, Midianite Metallurgy God00:24:59 - Chapter 7: YHWH vs. Ba'al00:32:18 - Chapter 8: Dionysian IAO00:37:54 - Chapter 9: Dionysus of the Desert00:39:57 - Chapter 10: Yahweh Inscriptions00:42:50 - Chapter 11: EL, King of the North00:45:45 - Chapter 12: Saturn, King of ELOHIM00:53:57 - Chapter 13: Old Gods - BAD00:58:00 - Chapter 14: Breasts of Gaia (2 Mountains)01:01:27 - Chapter 15: Jewish Polythesim01:03:22 - Chapter 16: Rise of Monotheism01:19:25 - Chapter 17: Demetrius Phalerius01:26:16 - OUTRO: Plutarch on 'AMEN'#gnosticinformant #judaism #documentary

Of all the legacy carmakers, Ford Motor Company is best positioned to survive the onslaught of Chinese auto brands. Ford dominates in pickup trucks and commercial vans, industry segments in which Chinese automakers are not yet competitive abroad. They are also the most profitable markets on a per unit basis. The high tariffs and import bans that are designed to keep Chinese models out of North America are of little help to Ford, but serve ironically as a lifeline to Japanese and European companies who exist only as long as the tariffs do.

But Jim Farley, the CEO of Ford Motor, nevertheless is making huge changes at Ford based on his recent experiences in China. In a new strategy, Ford will abandon entirely its ambitions to compete in China in the passenger vehicle markets, and everywhere else in electric vehicles made by Ford's domestic factories. Instead, they will aggressively build new electric vehicle models in light and heavy trucks, designed by their engineers in the US, but produced and distributed by their Chinese joint venture partners.

Resources and links:

Kelly Blue Book, The 25 Best-Selling Cars of 2024 … So Far
https://www.kbb.com/best-cars/....top-10-25-best-selli

Wall Street Journal, What Scared Ford’s CEO in China
https://www.wsj.com/business/a....utos/ford-china-ev-c

Wall Street Journal, Ford Cuts Lightning Output in Latest Sign of EV Downshift
https://www.wsj.com/business/a....utos/ford-to-cut-pro

Wall Street Journal, A Chinese Phone Maker Did Something Apple Couldn’t: Make an EV
https://www.wsj.com/business/a....utos/a-chinese-phone

New Report: SUVs, Ford F-series, Toyotas are 2023’s bestselling cars in America
https://insurify.com/car-insur....ance/insights/bestse

Americans Review The BYD Shark Plug-In Hybrid Pickup And Love It
https://insideevs.com/news/733....031/americans-review

Motor Trend, It's No Mystery Why the F-150 Lightning EV Isn’t Selling Like Ford Hoped
https://www.motortrend.com/new....s/ford-f-150-lightni

Reuters, Changan Ford Motor to set up electric car JV with Chongqing Changan Auto
https://www.reuters.com/market....s/deals/changan-ford

Investors Business Daily, Ford's China Partner Makes Bold EV Move In World's Top Auto Market
https://www.investors.com/news..../fords-china-partner

Closing scene, Gaoyi Mountain Scenic Area, Chenzhou, Hunan Province

Ghana is bracing for a national lockdown on Monday, September 30, as civil servants and labour unions intensify their stance against illegal mining, known as galamsey.

READ MORE : https://[a][a]www.africanews.com%252F2024%252F09%252F25%252Fnationwide-lockdown-looms-as-ghana-battles-illegal-mining-crisis%5B%2Fa%5D[/a]

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