Usman Dan Fodio is considered a saint in Nigeria and all over west Africa. This learned Fulani established the Sokoto califate, the biggest in Africa, in the 19th century. Today, his legacy is contested. The fourth part of our special report on Fulani nomads

George Jackson Speaks! 1971 Prison Interview. George L. Jackson (September 23, 1941 – August 21, 1971) was a revolutionary activist, a member of the Black Panther Party, and of the Black Guerrilla Family, an internationalist and a Marxist. Jackson was also a Soledad Brothers and was shot to death during an escape attempt by guards in San Quentin Prison .

Fatoumata Diawara performs at Reggae on the River in southern Humboldt County California on 6 Aug 2016. This is the whole show.

Chocolate: A Taste of Independence in Togo Filmmaker: Fanny BouteillerAfrica is rich with natural resources, yet all too often the benefits of that abundance end up with overseas consumers, foreign investors and the international markets.This is often seen as the consequence of a post-colonial globalised economy, in which the rich somehow keep getting richer and the poorest, denied the full fruits of their labours, are kept in penury.It is also a state of affairs with which many on the continent are understandably deeply unhappy. They want more than the scraps the developed world leaves on the table.In Togo, West Africa, one such struggle now comes covered in chocolate.Over 60 percent of the population of Togo lives in poverty, with its cacao growers - producers of one of the country's main cash crops - helpless in the face of prices set by international buyers.But one man is advocating a new future for his country, through indigenous chocolate production."When we launched the plan of manufacturing chocolate, lots of people did not believe us. Most made fun of us. People said we were mad."Trained in Italy, Komi Agbokou is a chocolatier, activist and, increasingly, an anti-globalisation evangelist.He has recently returned to Togo with one mission: to incite his fellow citizens to turn their cacao into chocolate themselves rather than being forever exploited by the international market.Komi explains that current cacao prices are decided by "those who transform cocoa", forcing local farmers to sell their produce for prices over which they have no control.On a 600km (373-mile) trip from North to South Togo, Komi set out to change attitudes, teaching his countrymen to maximise their produce's worth for their own benefit.--- Subscribe to our channel: http://aje.io/AJSubscribe - Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/AJEnglish - Find us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/aljazeera - Check our website: https://www.aljazeera.com/

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From the archives of the UCLA Communications Studies Department. Digitized 2013.

The views and ideas expressed in these videos are not necessarily shared by the University of California, or by the UCLA Communication Studies Department.

From the archives of the UCLA Communications Studies Department. Digitized 2013.

The views and ideas expressed in these videos are not necessarily shared by the University of California, or by the UCLA Communication Studies Department.

Discussing whether blacks can receive true justice in American courts, prisons, or in post-prison life, this special Black Journal episode examines America's judicial system from a black perspective. Entitled, Justice? the presentation will include five segments: 1. The Courts: Legal experts examine the difficulties blacks face in American courts the virtual impossibility of receiving trial by pears; the systems tremendous backlog of cases; lack of money for competent legal assistance; and pressures to accept lesser pleas, among other problems. 2. Prison: In exclusive interviews conducted within the San Quentin and Soledad Prison in California, prisoners talk candidly about their lives in prison the dehumanizing conditions and racial pressures; their reasons for being there often poverty or lack of competent legal assistance; prisons failure to rehabilitate and adequately prepare prisoners for post-prison life; and the problem they face upon release which virtually ensure failure to establish normal, productive lives. 3. Angela Davis: At UCLA, where Angela Davis was ousted as a philosophy instructor, her lawyer, friends and professional associates discuss the events which led to her arrest and her current trial. Miss Davis is charged with murder, kidnapping, and conspiracy to smuggle weapons into the San Rafael (California) Courthouse last August 7 in an alleged attempt to free three black prisoners. The prisoners, known as the Soledad Brothers, were indicted for allegedly killing a prison guard. Miss Davis, now held incommunicado in the Marin County jail in California, appears in film segments made while she was at UCLA. 4. The Jackson Family: Mrs. Lester Jackson, mother of George Jackson, one of the Soledad Brothers and of Jonathan Jackson, who was killed in the alleged prisoner escape attempt, is interviewed along with other relatives, friends, and members of the Soledad Brothers Defense Committee. 5. Soledad Brothers: Lawyers defending the three Soledad Brothers George Jackson, Fiesta Durango and John Clutchette discusses the murder charge and tell why they consider the Soledad Brothers to be political prisoners.

In Kenya, one group is combining green technology with tradition, by kitting out Maasai homes with solar panels, water harvesters and eco-toilets.

The video gives a brief description on the rites of passage in the olden days according to my culture. Through it, we learnt our responsibilities, rites and the consequences of non-compliance.

We were also taught how things were done and why we had or not do them. Respect was highly valued and we had to respect our elders so as to receive blessings from God.

#culture #ritesofpassage #indigenousknowledge