Britain didn't discover Iraq. It invented it. After World War One, the British Empire stitched together three Ottoman provinces that had never been a single country, installed a foreign king who had never set foot on Iraqi soil, staged a referendum with a 96% approval rate, and locked in control of one of the largest oil reserves ever found. This is the full story of how Iraq was manufactured — not for the people who lived there, but for the petroleum beneath their feet.

From the secret Sykes-Picot Agreement to the Cairo Conference of 1921, from Churchill's air bombing campaigns to the Turkish Petroleum Company's 75-year concession, this video traces the real forces behind Iraq's creation. It's a story of broken promises, imperial cartography, puppet monarchies, and oil — always oil.

The consequences didn't end in 1932 or 1958. The borders drawn in hotel rooms by colonial officials who never lived in the region shaped every crisis Iraq has faced for over a century — and the world is still living with the fallout.

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2016 UG Provost Publications Award: Dr. Obadele Kambon

Kambon, O. (2015). Theory of Endogenous and Exogenous Motivation in L2 Migration. Per Linguam, 31(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.5785/31-2-594

Available as a free download here:

http://perlinguam.journals.ac.....za/pub/article/view/ /

http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/7433

https://www.researchgate.net/p....ublication/281107402

https://www.academia.edu/16125....266/THEORY_OF_ENDOGE

ABSTRACT: Implied in theories of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) is the notion that language learning is analogous to obtaining or acquiring a possession – thus the use of the term ‘acquisition.’ While this interpretation has gone relatively unchallenged in the literature, this article introduces a new analogy whereby language learning is seen as analogous to a process of permanent or semi-permanent migration towards a new socio-linguistic L2 space. As such, a theory of endogenous and exogenous motivation is delineated, entailing a dynamic interplay between internal (primarily psychological) and external (primarily sociological) push-pull factors. Endogenous and exogenous push-pull factors, together with various other personal factors, contribute to learner decisions to migrate towards, move away from or remain inert with regard to the target language. Further, motivation is framed in the larger theoretical context of causation.

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UNIVERSITY OF GHANA
COLLEGE OF HUMANITIES
2018 Provost Publications Award
(Early Career)
This Award is presented to Dr. Obadele Kambon (Research Fellow, Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana) as the winner of the 2016 Provost Publications Award (Early Career). The award is based on your Paper titled: "Theory of Endogenous and Exogenous Motivation in L2 Migration" which was published in Per linguam, 31(2)2015" Your article has been noted to be a great input in the area of language teaching and learning and this work will be used by many researchers and foreign language teachers.
Also, your work is deemed as provocative, perceptive and a well researched paper that has unmistakable relevance for the teaching and learning of foreign languages and target languages."
Your write-up is an original contribution which challenges current theories that account for second language acquisition.
Dr. Obadele Kambon , for your outstanding contribution to knowledge and scholarship and for breaking new grounds, the College of Humanities is proud to award you the 2016 Provost Publications Award (Early Career)
Congratulations.
Professor Samuel Agyei-Mensah
Provost

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