Uganda and Tanzania have entered a partnership to build a 1,443km (896 mile) heated oil pipeline to pump oil from the Albertine basin in Uganda to Tanzania’s Indian Ocean port of Tanga.

What does the deal mean for both countries? Why were environmentalists against the project? And why was Kenya left out?

BBC Africa's Peter Mwangangi explains.

Produced and edited by Leone Ouedraogo.

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Michelle Alexander, highly acclaimed civil rights lawyer, advocate, Associate Professor of Law at Ohio State University, and author of The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, delivers the 30th Annual George E. Kent Lecture, in honor of the late George E. Kent, who was one of the earliest tenured African American professors at the University of Chicago.

The Annual George E. Kent Lecture is organized and sponsored by the Organization of Black Students, the Black Student Law Association, and the Students for a Free Society.

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"The pygmies traditionally lived in the forest. They were mobile, semi-nomadic and relatively far from the tracks while farmers had chosen to develop their villages along the tracks. Then because of the attraction of the tracks, the pygmies finally arrived along the road too and their numbers increased. So their habitat finally became structured and developed. Moangue-Le Bosquet, which interests us because of the large population, is also interesting as regards cultural evolution. We're in a town! There's a school, a hospital, shops... So tomorrow's way of life is already starting here."
Alain Froment – Doctor of Medicine, Anthropologist - IRD Director of Research.

"It is agreed that growth is similar in all modern populations of humans. It must be remembered that growth is a change in dimensions until the adult size is attained. If the size differs between populations, this means that the processes responsible for this size are also different.
This difference in size and difference in growth reveal very rich and substantial human biological diversity.
In the case of the Pygmies, we assume that small size is an adaptation to their environment, to the forest. But what interests us is how adult size becomes established.
Six years of data gathering means that we can now sketch a growth curve for the Baka. And its immediate usefulness—seen very clearly this year—is proof that all the data that we are collecting are applicable."
Fernando Ramirez Rozzi – Anthropologist, Biologist – CNRS Director of Research.
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http://maget.maget.free.fr/A-K....ALO/Baka-cueillette.

I recently took part in a conversation on @Afrikan Esquire TV - Do Abrahamic Religions Compromise Afrikan Liberation? Watch Here: https://youtu.be/eo39qaRJmp0

This is my reflection on the conversation itself as well as the ongoing debates coming out of it.

AMILCAR CABRAL, “NATIONAL LIBERATION AND CULTURE”:
https://www.blackpast.org/glob....al-african-history/1

•••••

THE PAN-AFRIKAN QUESTION provides concise answers to popularly asked questions about Pan-Afrikanism. If you have a question that you think needs to be answered, drop in the it comments section & we'll do our best to drop some knowledge.

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Fifteen years after the creation of al-Shabaab in Somalia, terror still reigns and the reality on the ground just shifted more in their favor.In a last ditch effort to leave a mark on foreign policy before his ouster, President Trump announced a drawdown of US troops in global hotspots around the world, including around 700 in Somalia. With no soldiers on the ground the plan promised to provide support through an already controversial and secretive drone program–which watchdog groups say has killed exponentially more civilians than the US admits.VICE News travels to the frontline of Somalia’s war against al-Shabaab to see what the US pullout means for the next chapter in the war on terror.Subscribe to VICE News here: http://bit.ly/Subscribe-to-VICE-NewsCheck out VICE News for more: http://vicenews.comFollow VICE News here:Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/vicenewsTwitter: https://twitter.com/vicenewsTumblr: http://vicenews.tumblr.com/Instagram: http://instagram.com/vicenewsMore videos from the VICE network: https://www.fb.com/vicevideo#VICENews #News