How centuries of division built one of the most unequal countries on earth.

For decades, South Africa was under apartheid: a series of laws that divided people by race. Then, in the 1990s, those laws were dismantled. But many of the barriers they created continue to divide South Africans by skin color - which in turn determines their quality of life, access to jobs, and wealth. Racial division was built into the fabric of cities throughout South Africa, and it still hasn't been uprooted.That's partly because, while apartheid was the culmination of South Africa's racial divisions, it wasn't the beginning of them. That story starts closer to the 1800s, when the British built a network of railroads that transformed the region's economy into one that excluded most Black people -- and then made that exclusion the law.

Sources and further reading:

If you want to learn more about the railroads and how they impacted Cape Colony’s economy, check out this paper by Johan Fourie and Alonso Herranz Loncan:https://academic.oup.com/ereh/....article-abstract/22/

To understand segregation in South Africa’s major urban centers, take a look at this paper about segregation and inequality:
https://www.seri-sa.org/images..../SERI_Edged_out_repo

For more information on post-Apartheid cities, you can read this paper by Edgar Pieterse (who we feature in the video):
https://www.africancentreforci....ties.net/wp-content/

To explore the history and legacy of District Six, visit the District Six Museum website:https://www.districtsix.co.za/

Thanks for watching and let us know what you think in the comments!Vox.com is a news website that helps you cut through the noise and understand what's really driving the events in the headlines. Check out http://www.vox.com​.

This video is about how deportation is not the only reason to go to Nigeria with Zogie De Gemini. When Zogie told people that she was going to Nigeria for a couple of months after her project management contract ended in the UK, everyone assumed the worst. Everyone thought she was deported or something terrible happened. Through her Youtube channel, she wants to change Nigeria's perception and explore her own identity in the country. We talk about everything from the negative perceptions that Nigerians have of themselves to how Nigeria teaches you to enjoy life. This chat was hilarious!

Check out Zogie De Gemini's channel: https://www.youtube.com/channe....l/UC1Eq0qdM8WD9rhllw

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Original Sufferhead (1981) Fela Kuti
From the LP Original Sufferhead (CD release 1999)
http://fela.net/discography/

This video is part of a series of songs being posted on Fela's official YouTube channel (http://www.youtube.com/fela) each featuring, alongside the music, an informative commentary by Afrobeat Historian, Chris May.

The entire catalogue, released on Kntting Factory Records, is available on the Fela website (http://fela.net/), along with documentaries and recorded concerts, CDs and vinyl, tee shirts, posters and many other items.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Siqd7lgVgU
September Jazz
It's time to farewell with pretty Summer
The days grow short in golden slumber.
The air is bright and in the streets
September leaves swing gently from the trees.

I'm walking down the avenue of Dreams,
I hear the song September sings,
The crystal sky reflecting in my eyes
And shows the truth with there's no lies.

My heart is deep in love & blue,
Nobody but September knows the true.
My silent friend, come take me to the Autumn stars
And sing with me the same September Jazz...
.....

Nkyinkyim is an art Installation/monument (work in progress) by Ghanaian artist Kwame 'KABE' Akoto-Bamfo. The project is part of Ancestor Project (www.ancestorprojectgh.com)-which is an effort to educate and rekindle youth interest in African heritage. Ancestor Project is also an initiative of the same artist.