In Senegal, where farming employs 70% of the population, desertification and land erosion have led to food insecurity. This video shows how researchers supported by the Climate Change Adaptation in Africa program worked with farmers to identify and implement farming strategies that protect against further desertification and improve yields under these new conditions.

Produced by A24 Media, this is part of a series of six videos on research supported by CCAA.

The Climate Change Adaptation in Africa research and capacity development program (2006-2012) was a joint initiative of Canada's International Development Research Centre and the United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DFID).

Écoutez la vidéo en français : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wgXnVKhEiw

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West Papua is one of the longest running independence movements in international politics. It is also one of the least known. For almost sixty years, the native Melanesian community has fought for independence from Indonesia. However, while the West Papua conflict is often thought of as a case of attempted secession, and is classed as such by most governments, it can also be thought of as a case of colonial self-determination.

Hello and welcome! My name is James Ker-Lindsay. Here I take an informed look at International Relations with a focus on territorial conflicts, secession, independence movements and new countries. If you like what you see, please do subscribe. If you want more, including exclusive content and benefits, consider becoming a channel member. Many thanks!

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Although West New Guinea had been a part of the Dutch East Indies, it did not form a part of Indonesia when it became independent, in 1949. Instead it remained under the Netherlands, which argued that the Melanesian roots of the population meant it should have a separate right to statehood. However, over the following decade, the Indonesian Government exerted ever more pressure to have the territory put under its sovereignty. In the end, the Dutch capitulated. In 1962, the New York Agreement saw the creation of a temporary UN administration (UNTEA) over West New Guinea, or West Irian as it was also known, before it was passed on to Indonesia. As part of this agreement, a referendum was meant to have been held in 1969 to decide on whether West Papua would remain part of Indonesia or become independent. However, the eventual vote - the so-called Act of Free Choice - was deeply flawed. Despite this, the outcome was endorsed by the UN General Assembly. Since then, and against the backdrop of serious human rights abuses, West Papuan independence movement has campaigned and fought for another referendum. Although most of the world still regards the territory as part of Indonesia, it does seem that support is potentially growing.

CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
0:38 Secession, Self-Determination and West Papua
1:50 The Geography and Population of West Papua
2:47 The Historical Roots of the West Papua Dispute
4:25 How West Papua Became Part of Indonesia
6:02 West Papua under Indonesia Rule
7:35 The West Papua Independence Campaign since 2000
9:31 Emerging Tensions in West Papua
10:45 West Papua: Secession or Self-Determination?

RELATED PLAYLISTS
Current Issues and Disputes https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLUzSOLzcfKu
Secession and Independence in Asia and Oceania https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLUzSOLzcfKu

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FURTHER READING & USEFUL SOURCES

New York Agreement (1962) https://undocs.org/pdf?symbol=en/A/5170
UN Resolution 2504 (XXIV) 1969 https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/657429?ln=en
United Liberation Movement for West Papua https://www.ulmwp.org
Free West Papua Campaign https://www.freewestpapua.org
Indonesia Ministry of Foreign Affairs https://kemlu.go.id/portal/en
The Road: Uprising in West Papua https://amzn.to/3xCoKTn
West Papua and Indonesia Since Suharto https://amzn.to/3xxajjf

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Secession and State Creation: What Everyone Needs to Know https://amzn.to/2MPY3W2 [PRE-ORDER]
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KEYWORDS

#WestPapua #Indonesia #Independence
#InternationalPolitics #CurrentAffairs #InternationalRelations
#Secession #Statehood #Independence
#InternationalLaw #InternationalHistory

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Dr. Jeffries and Dr. T'Shaka will discuss the intellectual legacies of Dr. Diop and Dr. Obenga within the context of Pan Africanism, examining the intellectual and spiritual influences on Diop's thinking and their relationship to Dr. John Henrik Clark, John Jackson and Dr. Jacob Carruthers. This discussion will include why African leaders have gone wrong in applying Africa's rich cultural and historical past to the present day needs of African people and how this can be corrected

Kevin Smith the embattled pastor of what is now believed to be Cult in Montego Bay Jamaica is now feared dead following a accident which took place as he was being transported by a security detail from the JCF. We cannot post the video clips of him because it is against Youtube's community guidelines so we have deleted video footage from the scene to take out those parts.
#kevinsmithmobaypastor #mobaycultpastor #jamaicanews #jamaicagleaner #jamaicastar #cultpracticeinjamaica #pastorkevinosmithjamaica #souflotv

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Barbados. Is this the way you treat your elderly in Barbados? Damn shame! And hearing it was a woman behind the wheel!

"The altercation w the elder woman happened yesterday late morning Wilcox hill near st Philip church. I got there after it happened, saw the ambulance leaving as I pulled up. She is my friends mother. Seems is some ongoing dispute over land there and some woman intentionally drove car right into the old lady. The woman was taken by police. One of the victims sons told me her leg was mutilated and they had to remove her right leg at QEH. Haven't received any news on charges against the person driving the car." Anonymous

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#barbados #amputation #land dispute #st philip

Simply asked, which country today is south of Egypt? How powerful is it? In ancient times what did it do to EGYPT? Where are the descendants of that Kingdom? Are current tribes in that country children of the older kingdom south of ancient Egypt? Are they Nubians, Kushites, Meroe, Or Sudanese? Are the Arabs ruling Egypt the sons and daughters of ancient Egyptians? Why is this powerful kingdom south of Egypt rarely taught in schools , universities or blasted in televisions Movies etc. Is Nubia that kingdom? Yet it has many names! Let us share a Brief history of Modern Sudan and WHY it is being hid from the mass consciousness. Sudan became independent in 1956.Then Why did the Republic of South Sudan secede from the North? The decision to secede can be traced to the northern Sudanese government's consistent policy of marginalization of the southern part of the country British colonial policy in Sudan had a long history of emphasizing development of the Arab north, and largely ignoring the Black African south, which lacked schools, hospitals, roads, bridges, and other basic infrastructure. After Sudan's first independent elections in 1958, the continued neglect of the southern region by the Khartoum government led to uprisings, revolt, and the longest civil war on the continent. Peoples affected by the violence included the Acholi, Anyuak, Baka, Balanda Bviri, Bari, Boya, Didinga, Dinka, Jiye, Kaligi, Kuku, Lotuka, Mundari, Murie, Nilotic, Nuer, Shilluk, Toposa and Zande. Are Nubians Black?
Are Nubians Africans? The answers again are in this video and very informative.
Find out more.
Watch, Comment, Share and Subscribe.
REFERENCES:
https://www.tellerreport.com/n....ews/--why-did-the-nu
EgyptSearch Forums: The Nubians of Egypt consider it an insult if you call them Sudanese.They’re Egyptian
Sudan Divided Identity, Divided Land P1.mkv
Sudan Divided Identity, Divided Land P2.mkv
Sudan Divided Identity, Divided Land P3.mkv
(1) There Is No Middle East - YouTube
Africa Afrika (tumblr.com)
NUBA PEOPLE: AFRICA`S ANCIENT PEOPLE OF SOUTH SUDAN (kwekudee-tripdownmemorylane.blogspot.com)
Ancient Egypt (teacheroz.com)
Africa was Kush/Ethiopia!
History Wiped Out. The Dinka Nubians Connection From Central Sudanic Are The First Ancient Egyptians (cityscrollz.com)