ORFC Global 2021 Session

West African Farmer Testimonies: How We Are Overcoming the Crisis of Climate Change in the Sahel Through Natural Regeneration of Trees on Our Farms

Small-scale farmers in the 16 countries of the Sahel in West Africa face a dual crisis to their livelihoods: climate change and land degradation. 

For many generations, farmers had lived and farmed in equilibrium with the natural environment. They maintained soil fertility, water holding capacity and crop production through fallowing and other practices. 

Today, population pressure, climate change, soil erosion, misuse of agrochemicals have reduced the resiliency and sustainability of the farming system. Farm communities have become highly vulnerable to drought. Hunger and chronic malnutrition have increased. 

This session highlights the testimonies of farmers, men and women, from 4 countries in the Sahel in overcoming these problems. They represent a wider movement adapting the principles of “agroecology” (learning how to work with nature). This grassroots, farmer-led movement has achieved remarkable success in transforming landscapes, adapting to climate change, regenerating their soils, and improving their food security. 

Their inspiring testimonies show how human determination, innovation, and collective action have brought hope to one of the most ecologically fragile, crisis prone areas in Africa.

Speakers:
Tsuamba Bourgou
Fatou Batta
Dan Banuoku

Chair:
Peter Gubbels

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Victor Yeimo of Komite Nasional Papua Barat (KNPB) shares the situation, challenges and demands of the West Papuan people to the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food

Recorded December 8, 2014 - Angela Siela investigated food intake patterns and contextual factors related to household food insecurity. She will show the importance of the home garden in international development programming.

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Instead of neat rows of monoculture, forest gardens combine fruit and nut trees, shrubs, herbs, vines and perennial vegetables together in one seemingly wild setting. This type of agroforestry mimics natural ecosystems and uses the space available in a sustainable way. UK-based Martin Crawford is one of the pioneers of forest gardening. Starting out with a flat field in 1994, his land has been transformed into a woodland and serves as an educational resource for others interested in forest gardening. This short film by Thomas Regnault focuses on Crawford's forest garden, which is abundant, diverse, edible, and might be one answer to the future of food systems.
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A Forest Garden With 500 Edible Plants Could Lead to a Sustainable Future | Short Film Showcase
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This is a journey form the smallest manmade hole - by removing just one single atom - to the edge of the universe. Man has finally succeeded in making the ancient dream of Greek philosophers come true - to «see» an atom. In another direction we also seem to have unlimited sight: the «Hubble Telescope» grants us a glimpse of the remotest galaxies. This documentary assesses the limits of human perception, taking us on a journey through time from the quasars, millions of light-years away from earth, via the wonders of our populated world to the depths of human genotype and the structure of a single atom. «Limits of Perception» promises a filmic journey of exploration from micro- into macrocosm.

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Intervention, le 3 novembre 2019, de Pr. Théophile Obenga au 3ème colloque sur les mathématiques africaines à Baie-Mahault (Guadeloupe).Playlist du colloque: https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLXR5OhZxsoD

Fidel Castro por Carlos Moore.
------------------------
Carlos Moore (Nascido Charles Moore Wedderburn em Cuba, em 1942), é um escritor, pesquisador e cientista social dedicado ao registro da história e da cultura negra.
É conhecido internacionalmente pela luta contra o racismo, pelo panafricanismo e por ter escrito a biografia autorizada do cantor, saxofonista e ativista nigeriano Fela Kuti:"Fela, Esta vida Puta"

Biografia
Sua família era formada por pessoas de diversas ilhas das Antilhas: o pai biológico era de Trinidad e os pais dele, seus avós, eram de Barbados; o pai que o adotou era jamaicano e a mãe era natural de ilhas da região.
Ele viveu em Cuba até os 15 anos e mudou-se para Nova Iorque, Estados Unidos, em 1958. Lá conheceu Maya Angelou, com quem aprendeu muito sobre justiça racial e o pensamento intelectual negro. Retornou a Cuba em seguida juntando-se ao movimento revolucionário liderado por Fidel Castro. Ele concordava com os princípios revolucionários, mas discordava das autoridades sobre a discriminação racial persistente em Cuba.
Depois de ser preso algumas vezes, deixa a ilha em 1963, rumo à França. Lá ele conhece outros ativistas negros como o senegalês Alioune Diop e o filósofo poeta da Martinica Aimé Césaire e passa a trabalhar como jornalista na Agence France-Presse. Na França, inicia sua vida acadêmica e trabalha também como jornalista.
Ao longo de sua carreira como militante, esteve ao lado de Malcolm X, Cheikh Anta Diop, Aimé Césaire, Stokely Carmichael, Lelia Gonzalez, Walterio Carbonell, Abdias Nascimento, Harold Cruse, Alex Haley.
Desde 2000 ele vive no Brasil com a família, aproveitando para escrever suas memórias e conhecer mais da cultura latino-americana.
Vida acadêmica
Sua carreira como acadêmico e pesquisador foi marcada pelo título de Doutor em Etnologia, em 1979, e Doutorado em Ciências Humanas, em 1983, ambos pela Universidade de Paris-7.
Entre 1984 e 2000 foi Professor Visitante na Universidade Internacional da Flórida (EUA), Universidade do Caribe (Trinidad-Tobago), e Universidade do Caribe Francês (Martinica e Guadalupe).

Obras
Marxismo e a questão racial: Karl Marx e Friederich Engels frente ao racismo e à escravidão. Belo Horizonte: Nandyala Editora, 2010.
• Pichón: Race and Revolution in Castro´s Cuba, Chicago : Lawrence Hill Books, 2008.
• A África que Incomoda: sobre a problematização do legado africano no quotidiano brasileiro, Belo Horizonte: Nandyala Editora, 2008.
• Racismo e Sociedade: Novas bases epistemológicas para entender o racismo, Belo Horizonte: Mazza Edições, 2007.
• African Presence in the Americas, Trenton, NJ : Africa World Press, 1995;
• Castro, the Blacks, and Africa, Los Angeles : CAAS/UCLA, 1989.
• Were Marx and Engels Racists? - The prolet-Aryan outlook of Marx and Engels, Chicago : IPE, 1972.