Climate change poses huge challenges and some projections say it will cause hundreds of millions to become refugees. Desertification in sub-Saharan Africa plays a big part of that, and that in turn feeds into Europe's unfolding migrant crisis. Inna Modja is a Malian singer and activist who has been to Senegal for Newsnight to witness a pan-African initiative, the Great Green Wall. It aims to improve livelihoods in the Sahel region, reverse desertification, and break the cycle of exodus.

Zanzibar -- The Dark Side of Paradise is a twenty minute news documentary which looks at the causes and consequences of the longest blackout in history. The film assesses how unremitting power problems in the Spice Islands are putting their fragile economy at great risk, whilst also denying their impoverished population a safe water supply. It also provides a background of Zanzibar's current political situation and their dependence on tourism in order to illustrate why the power cuts are only serving to aggravate an already dire situation.

Sunday, February 12th 1961.

Footage of African students angered by reports of the death of former Congolese Prime Minister, Patrice Lumumba.

Reuters Text:

"The Belgian Embassy in Cairo, United Arab Republic, was littered with bricks and broken glass February 12 after a mob of some 300 African students, shouting "Murderers of Lumumba", attacked the building.

Police prevented the students - enraged after hearing of the death of deposed Premier Patrice Lumumba - from climbing over the railing and arrested four of them.

Belgian Ambassador, M. Maurice d'Eeckhoutte, had been sitting in his first-floor study with his wife when bricks were hurled through the window.

M. d'Eeckhoutte said "They started throwing things and my wife and I left the room. ..as soon as I heard the word Lumumba I knew who they were. I shall be protesting to the United Arab Republic Foreign Ministry about this.

Katanga Minister of the Interior, Mr. Munongo, said Feb 13 that Mr. Lumumba and two companions were "massacred" by villagers after escaping from custody in Katanga."

Source: Reuters News Archive.

Note:

Lumumba was not "massacred" by villagers after escaping from custody in Katanga. He was executed by a firing squad commanded by a Belgian officer and his body later dissolved in sulphuric acid by two Belgian police officials.

For more news, visit: sabcnews.com

In an investigative report, Black Journal delves into the political, economic, and social development of Kenya and Tanzania since their independence.

In a 22 December 1958 letter, Morehouse president Benjamin Mays invited King to address the graduating class of 1959; King accepted six days later. In these prepared remarks—his earliest known usage of this title—King invokes his common themes of anticolonialism and black self-respect.1 He places the domestic “social revolution" in a global context and urges the graduates of his alma mater to rise above the limits of “individualistic concerns,” submitting that all people are “caught up in an inescapable network of mutuality.”

News coverage of the speech indicates that King modified this handwritten text at several points. He advised his audience to adhere to nonviolence, for the "oppressors would be happy if black Americans “would resort to physical violence” and reminded them of progress already made: “We’ve broken loose from the Egypt of slavery . . . and we stand on the border of the promised land in integration.”2 King reportedly closed with a warning against inaction: “If you go home, sit down and do nothing about the revolution which we are witnessing you will be the victim of a dangerous optimism.”3

There can be no gainsaying of the fact that we are experiencing today one of the greatest revolutions that the world has ever known. Indeed there have been other revolutions, but they have been local and isolated. The distinctive feature of the present revolution is that it is worldwide. It is shaking the foundations of the east and the west. It has engulfed every continent of the world. You can hear its deep rumblings from the lowest village street to the highest intellectual ivory tower. Every segment of society is being swept into its mainstream. The great challenge facing every member of this graduating class is to remain awake, alert and creative through this great revolution.

Shared for historical purposes. I do not own the rights.

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-Full speech
-Malcolm X on Jesus Christ
-Who Taught You To Hate Yourself?

Malcolm X was one of the greatest leaders in the history. Malcolm X founded the Organization of Afro-American Unity, to fight for the Civil Rights of the Black Americans. He had the gift to articulate his messages in such a way that he grabs the crowd attention from the first till the last minute of the speech.
In this speech on May 1962, Malcolm X talk about Jesus Christ. He tells how Jesus would be in the side of Black Americans if he was alive. Jesus that always came in defense of the most oppressed.
Malcolm X talked also about in this speech about the police brutality in the Black community in1962.
This Malcolm X teaching cover an interesting subject that is the lesson about: "Who teach you to hate yoursel?". When you hate what is in yourself you will hate also what is in your brother. When you start loving yourself you will love your brother also. I this way Malcolm X teaches how it's possible to strength each member of the Black community and don't let it be divided by anything.