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The ability to make and use fire has fundamentally changed the arc of our evolution. The bodies we have today were, in many ways, shaped by that time when we first tamed fire.

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References:
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evi....dence/human-fossils/
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evi....dence/human-fossils/
Alperson-Afil, N. (2008). Continual fire-making by hominins at Gesher Benot Ya ‘aqov, Israel. Quaternary Science Reviews, 27(17-18), 1733-1739.
Barkai, R., Rosell, J., Blasco, R., & Gopher, A. (2017). Fire for a reason: Barbecue at middle Pleistocene Qesem cave, Israel. Current Anthropology, 58(S16), S314-S328.
Berna, F., Goldberg, P., Horwitz, L. K., Brink, J., Holt, S., Bamford, M., & Chazan, M. (2012). Microstratigraphic evidence of in situ fire in the Acheulean strata of Wonderwerk Cave, Northern Cape province, South Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(20), E1215-E1220.
Blain, H. A., Agustí, J., Lordkipanidze, D., Rook, L., & Delfino, M. (2014). Paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental context of the Early Pleistocene hominins from Dmanisi (Georgia, Lesser Caucasus) inferred from the herpetofaunal assemblage. Quaternary science reviews, 105, 136-150.
Carmody, R. N., & Wrangham, R. W. (2009). The energetic significance of cooking. Journal of Human Evolution, 57(4), 379-391.
Clark, J. D., & Harris, J. W. (1985). Fire and its roles in early hominid lifeways. African Archaeological Review, 3(1), 3-27.
Gowlett, J. A. (2016). The discovery of fire by humans: a long and convoluted process. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371(1696), 20150164.
Gowlett, J. A., & Wrangham, R. W. (2013). Earliest fire in Africa: towards the convergence of archaeological evidence and the cooking hypothesis. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, 48(1), 5-30.
Hlubik, S., Berna, F., Feibel, C., Braun, D., & Harris, J. W. (2017). Researching the nature of fire at 1.5 Mya on the site of FxJj20 AB, Koobi Fora, Kenya, using high-resolution spatial analysis and FTIR spectrometry. Current Anthropology, 58(S16), S243-S257.
MacDonald, K. (2017). The use of fire and human distribution. Temperature, 4(2), 153-165.
Pruetz, J. D., & LaDuke, T. C. (2010). Brief communication: Reaction to fire by savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) at Fongoli, Senegal: Conceptualization of “fire behavior” and the case for a chimpanzee model. American Journal of Physical Anthropology: The Official Publication of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, 141(4), 646-650.
Roebroeks, W., & Villa, P. (2011). On the earliest evidence for habitual use of fire in Europe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(13), 5209-5214.
Zink, K. D., & Lieberman, D. E. (2016). Impact of meat and Lower Palaeolithic food processing techniques on chewing in humans. Nature, 531(7595), 500.

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Check out our other journeys through geologic time here :
https://www.youtube.com/playli....st?list=PLi6K9w_UbfF

After taking you on a journey through geologic time, we've arrived at the Cenozoic Era. Most of the mammals and birds that you can think of appeared during this era but perhaps more importantly, the Cenozoic marks the rise of organisms that look a lot like us.

Thanks to Sean Murtha for the wonderful illustration of Tsidiiyazhi. Check out more of Sean's work here: http://www.seanmurthaart.com

And thanks to Ceri Thomas for the very cool Titanoboa reconstruction. Check out more of Ceri's paleoart at http://alphynix.tumblr.com and http://nixillustration.com

And as always thanks to Nobumichi Tamura for allowing us to use his wonderful paleoart: http://spinops.blogspot.com/

Thanks to Studio 252mya for their illustrations. You can find more of their work here: https://252mya.com/licensing

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References:
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/e....ducation/events/cowe
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https://www.nature.com/scitabl....e/knowledge/library/
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Does SpaceX have a role in furthering the frontier of space exploration? Neil deGrasse Tyson addresses comments on SpaceX’s trip to Mars, the role of public versus private enterprise in space exploration, and whether companies can afford to take the risks needed in space travel.

00:00 - Introduction: On Elon
00:46 - SpaceX vs. NASA
03:43 - Advancing Frontiers in Private Enterprise
6:18 - SpaceX’s Trip to Mars
7:30 - Artemis and Our Return to the Moon

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⁣Welcome back, ABIBITUMI Kmtyw family!
If you're passionate about African development, sovereignty, and leaders who take bold steps to change the game, you're in for a treat today. We have an exciting update on a project that could reshape the economy of Burkina Faso and perhaps even set a blueprint for other African nations. We're talking about President Ibrahim Traore and the MASSIVE tomato processing factory that is finally complete! Can you believe it? This project is a game-changer, and in today’s video, we’re going to dive deep into what this means for the country and the region. Stick around because you won’t want to miss the details. Now, let’s start with a question: Do you think it’s possible for a single factory to revolutionize an entire nation’s economy? Think about that for a moment because this isn't just about tomatoes—it’s about independence, empowerment, and reclaiming control of resources that have long benefited outsiders rather than the people of Burkina Faso.

⁣5 Sept 2024
Former Mayor of the Midvaal Municipality Bongani Baloyi has announced that he is joining the MK Party and deregistering his Xiluva party.

Baloyi made the announcement in Soweto, on Thursday.

The move follows a poor showing by the Xiluva party in the May elections.

Baloyi who has moved from the DA to ActionSA before forming Xiluva, follows EFF Deputy President Floyd Shivambo and SARA's Colleen Makhubele to the country's third largest party.

The Former Xiluva Party Leader, Bongani Baloyi joins us this afternoon.

For more news, visit sabcnews.com and #sabcnews on all Social Media platforms.


People mentioned2 people



Jacob ZumaPresident of South Africa from 2009 to 2018




Herman MashabaSouth African politician



Transcript
Follow along using the transcript.

⁣In today’s episode, we are joined by former Mayor of the Midvaal Municipality, Bongani Baloyi who has recently joined the MK Party from Xiluva. He unpacks this move, his assessment of the 'GNU', his conversation with Floyd Shivambu, Helen Zille, the EFF and so much more!

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_______

00:00:00 - Introduction
00:01:46 - Upbringing
00:09:55 - Joining MK
00:24:27 - Growth of MK
00:30:46 - 'GNU'
00:41:00 - African Identity
00:54:56 - ActionSA and ANC
01:03:10 - Analysis of DA
01:08:28 - Election turnout
_______

Credits:
Director and DOP: Nomaan Haarzavi for Narr8 Studio
Second Camera Operator: Faizan Haq for Narr8 Studio
Producer: Oratile Kekana



Chapters

View all







Introduction
0:00



Upbringing
1:46


Joining MK
9:55


Growth of MK
24:27


GNU
30:46


African Identity
41:00


ActionSA and ANC
54:56


Analysis of DA
1:03:10






People mentionedOne person



Jacob ZumaPresident of South Africa from 2009 to 2018



Transcript
Follow along using the transcript.

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In this insightful clip, Deborah Hinds speaks about 'SMART' was to get healthy. This session is part of the holistic health conference, "Groundings With My Brothers and Sister".

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In the clip from "Groundings With My Brothers and Sister 2024", Nuri Muhammad discusses the importance of strong, healthy families for the collective progress of Black communities. "Groundings With My Brothers and Sister 2024".

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n this powerful clip from Groundings With My Brothers and Sister 2024, renowned poet and activist Mutabaruka shares an uplifting message about resilience. He emphasizes the importance of persevering through life's challenges and never giving up, even in the toughest of times.

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