La conférence de Berlin de 1884-1885 a inauguré ce qui est devenu le « nouvel impérialisme ». Alors que les premières vagues d'expansion européenne se sont concentrées sur les Amériques et l'Asie, la troisième s'est concentrée sur l'Afrique, largement ignorée depuis la conclusion de la traite négrière atlantique. En 1876, le roi Léopold II (1835-1909) de Belgique engagea Henry Morton Stanley (1841-1904) pour explorer et coloniser le bassin du fleuve Congo en Afrique équatoriale. Les revendications belges sur le Congo ont conduit à une « ruée vers l'Afrique » entre la France, l'Allemagne, la Grande-Bretagne et le Portugal, représentés à la Conférence. Ils cherchaient à réguler la concurrence coloniale en définissant « l'occupation effective » comme critère de reconnaissance des revendications territoriales – les colonies étaient reconnues si elles étaient effectivement possédées. La conférence de Berlin a reconstitué l'Afrique, divisant le continent en quelque 50 colonies différentes. Seuls l'Éthiopie et le Libéria sont restés indépendants. Le nouvel impérialisme a donné naissance à de nouvelles conceptions sociales du colonialisme, y compris l'idée de « civiliser » les Africains, comme décrit dans le poème de Rudyard Kipling « Le fardeau de l'homme blanc » (1899), bien que critiqué par d'autres comme Joseph Conrad dans Heart of Darkness ( 1899). Les puissances européennes ont essayé d'associer la domination coloniale aux objectifs de justice et de moralité, ce qui a permis à la domination sur les terres tropicales de devenir largement acceptée.

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On live television, popular television variety show host asks black dancer if her hair is real, accuses her of having lice and has stage assistant pull her hair to assure it's real. Black viewers saw the act as racist subjecting a black woman to such humiliation.

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Dr. Amos Wilson Self Hatred and the Effects of White Terror Dominination Psychological Warfare

Nana Akosua Hanson, a Ghanian TV and radio show presenter, explains how skincare brand Nivea has capitalized on the deeply ingrained idea that white skin is more beautiful in order to sell skin-bleaching treatments to women across Africa. For more on #darkgirls, visit https://bit.ly/30RTcLP

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Black People and their Black Hair

Most black people's minds are destroyed.

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BEAH RICHARDS - A BLACK WOMAN SPEAKS :

Beah Richards was an American actress, poet, and playwright. She was known for her powerful performances on stage and screen, including her role in the film "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner" for which she received an Academy Award nomination. Richards was also an activist, advocating for civil rights and social justice throughout her life. She passed away in 2000, leaving behind a legacy of artistic excellence and activism.
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Dr Khanyisile Litchfield Tshabalala at the story telling event hosted by & at Lebo’s Backpackers in Soweto,every last Thursday of the month


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