The continent of Africa has had it’s fair share of mercenaries who are hired by different parties to help with either effecting regime change or for purposes of protecting countries from insurgent forces.

One of the most popular of these was a man called Bob Denard who became legendary for his role in attempting to overthrow regimes in a series of wars that accompanied the decolonisation of Africa, during the 1960s and 1970s

Claiming to have support from France for operations meant to retain French influence in its former colonies, Bob called himself the “Pirate of the Republic” in a career which began in Congo and ended in the Comoros islands.

Bob Denard was involved in four of the 19 coup attempts that have shaken the Comoros archipelago since the islands won independence from France in 1975. At one point he was considered as the de facto leader of the Comoros.

Many Comorians blamed him for destabilising the islands, as well as other parts of Africa.
In this episode of African Biographics, we look at the illustrious career of Robert Denard, a career mercenary who played a part in charting the course of history in a few African countries.

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Sources:

The Mercenary Position, Howard French, Transition, No. 73 (1997), pp. 110-121 (12 pages), Published By: Indiana University Press

https://nationalinterest.org/b....log/buzz/one-man%E2%

https://www.google.com/amp/s/a....mp.theguardian.com/n

https://apnews.com/article/613....41e6567bac4d21383431

https://link.springer.com/chap....ter/10.1007/978-1-34

https://www.cairn-int.info/art....icle-E_VIN_141_0143-

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7044019.stm

https://www.reddit.com/r/TrueReddit/comments/6b0jvu/one_man_private_army_story_of_french_mercenary/utm_medium=android_app&utm_source=share

https://en.topwar.ru/172246-bo....b-denar-korol-naemni

https://www.youngpioneertours.....com/dprk-thwarted-co

https://www.blackpast.org/glob....al-african-history/c

https://www.britannica.com/place/Comoros

https://www.csmonitor.com/Worl....d/Global-News/2009/1

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Music:

Heartbreaking Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Kumasi Groove by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/r....oyalty-free/index.ht
Artist: http://incompetech.com/

Desert City by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100564
Artist: http://incompetech.com/

Emmit Fenn | Allégro - YouTube

Lullaby - Cooper Canell

Night Snow - Asher Fulero

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Feel free to reach out to us at africanbiographics@gmail.com

#BobDenard #Mercenaries #Africa

Just north of Australia a secret war is being fought. West Papuan independence fighters and Indonesian security forces are involved in a protracted and bloody battle over the issue of Papuan independence.

The conflict escalated after young West Papuan fighters killed Indonesian road workers building a highway into Papua’s central highlands.

The Indonesia government hit back hard, deploying hundreds of police and military who attacked the region in an effort to root out the rebels.

Last year mass protests broke out, with civil resistance leaders from in and outside West Papua calling for freedom from Indonesia.

With foreign media largely shut out, the story of this unfolding humanitarian disaster remains untold.

Hundreds have died and local officials estimate that over 40 000 people have been displaced. There are allegations of torture and human rights abuses.

Foreign Correspondent has been able to report from inside the conflict zone, gaining access to exclusive pictures of the recent unrest and speaking to eyewitnesses of the violence.

“I have to yell out to the world…because if I don’t, we’re going to be weaker and the indigenous people will be wiped out ”, says one West Papuan highlander who’s looking after children orphaned in the recent fighting.

“We will not retreat. We will not run. We will fight until recognition dawns ” , says a member of West Papua’s young guerrilla force whose ranks include teenagers orphaned in the ongoing conflict.

“Dialogue is needed but dialogue which is constructive”, says Indonesia’s former Security Minister. “We have closed the door for dialogue on a referendum. No dialogue for independence.”

Sally Sara reports on a war with no end in sight.


About Foreign Correspondent:
Foreign Correspondent is the prime-time international public affairs program on Australia's national broadcaster, ABC-TV. We produce half-hour duration in-depth reports for broadcast across the ABC's television channels and digital platforms. Since 1992, our teams have journeyed to more than 170 countries to report on war, natural calamity and social and political upheaval – through the eyes of the people at the heart of it all.


Contributions may be removed if they violate ABC’s Online Terms of Use http://www.abc.net.au/conditions.htm (Section 3). This is an official Australian Broadcasting Corporation YouTube channel

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Medical researchers at Tsinghua University in Beijing have created an AI (Artificial Intelligence) hospital town. It can theoretically serve 3,000 patients per day with a small handful of doctors and staff.

In one example of their optimism in AI, doctors for the project claim that their accuracy in respiratory illness is over 93% on MedQA datasets. Respiratory diseases such as COPD and asthma have notoriously low accuracy in diagnosis and treatment, with high degrees of false positive and false negative diagnoses.

By employing Large Language Models across large virtual populations, and soon in real-world patient populations, China can transform medicine across the whole world. China is already the world's dominant manufacturer of most generic drugs, and is the key maker of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients for the most expensive specialty drugs. Chinese companies are also primary makers of diagnostic equipment and medical devices. With advances in AI, tested across large human populations, personalized medicine may be a reality across most of the world. The US, however, will most certainly employ regulatory and licensing pressure to ensure high prices throughout our healthcare delivery systems.

Resources and links:

Interesting Engineering, China: Robot doctors at world’s 1st AI hospital can treat 3,000 a day
https://interestingengineering.....com/health/china-wo

China's first AI hospital town debuts: Revolutionizing healthcare with Artificial Intelligence
https://www.globaltimes.cn/pag....e/202405/1313235.sht

China Focus: China's medical equipment market reaches 1.27 trillion yuan
https://english.news.cn/202403....29/46cd1e0a62184d719

Politico, U.S. policymakers worry about China ‘weaponizing’ drug exports
https://www.politico.com/news/....2019/12/20/policymak

Diagnostic accuracy of respiratory diseases in primary health units
https://www.scielo.br/j/ramb/a..../CBLNqDNygL85rnyXnWn

Travel Industry News, Hainan debuts as hub for medical tourism
https://news.itb.com/regional-....spotlight/asia/haina

Accuracy of diagnosis of COPD and factors associated with misdiagnosis in primary care setting. E-DIAL (Early Diagnosis of obstructive lung disease) study group
https://www.sciencedirect.com/....science/article/pii/

Comparable US salaries by field:
https://weatherbyhealthcare.co....m/blog/medical-oncol
https://www.auntminnie.com/pra....ctice-management/art

Palenque Colombia. In this video, I visit Palenque Colombia, my Colombian Friend's family's home town to learn about Life there. Formed in 1603 by runaway slaves, San Basilio de Palenque in Colombia was the first documented free slave town in the Americas.

In 2005 the UNESCO declared Palenque a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity because there were able to maintain its African culture. Today Palenque is a Major tourist destination for people who want to learn more about this town and the diaspora.

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⁣CONSCIENCE HISTORIQUE AVEC PROF. OBENGA

Fidel Castro por Carlos Moore.
------------------------
Carlos Moore (Nascido Charles Moore Wedderburn em Cuba, em 1942), é um escritor, pesquisador e cientista social dedicado ao registro da história e da cultura negra.
É conhecido internacionalmente pela luta contra o racismo, pelo panafricanismo e por ter escrito a biografia autorizada do cantor, saxofonista e ativista nigeriano Fela Kuti:"Fela, Esta vida Puta"

Biografia
Sua família era formada por pessoas de diversas ilhas das Antilhas: o pai biológico era de Trinidad e os pais dele, seus avós, eram de Barbados; o pai que o adotou era jamaicano e a mãe era natural de ilhas da região.
Ele viveu em Cuba até os 15 anos e mudou-se para Nova Iorque, Estados Unidos, em 1958. Lá conheceu Maya Angelou, com quem aprendeu muito sobre justiça racial e o pensamento intelectual negro. Retornou a Cuba em seguida juntando-se ao movimento revolucionário liderado por Fidel Castro. Ele concordava com os princípios revolucionários, mas discordava das autoridades sobre a discriminação racial persistente em Cuba.
Depois de ser preso algumas vezes, deixa a ilha em 1963, rumo à França. Lá ele conhece outros ativistas negros como o senegalês Alioune Diop e o filósofo poeta da Martinica Aimé Césaire e passa a trabalhar como jornalista na Agence France-Presse. Na França, inicia sua vida acadêmica e trabalha também como jornalista.
Ao longo de sua carreira como militante, esteve ao lado de Malcolm X, Cheikh Anta Diop, Aimé Césaire, Stokely Carmichael, Lelia Gonzalez, Walterio Carbonell, Abdias Nascimento, Harold Cruse, Alex Haley.
Desde 2000 ele vive no Brasil com a família, aproveitando para escrever suas memórias e conhecer mais da cultura latino-americana.
Vida acadêmica
Sua carreira como acadêmico e pesquisador foi marcada pelo título de Doutor em Etnologia, em 1979, e Doutorado em Ciências Humanas, em 1983, ambos pela Universidade de Paris-7.
Entre 1984 e 2000 foi Professor Visitante na Universidade Internacional da Flórida (EUA), Universidade do Caribe (Trinidad-Tobago), e Universidade do Caribe Francês (Martinica e Guadalupe).

Obras
Marxismo e a questão racial: Karl Marx e Friederich Engels frente ao racismo e à escravidão. Belo Horizonte: Nandyala Editora, 2010.
• Pichón: Race and Revolution in Castro´s Cuba, Chicago : Lawrence Hill Books, 2008.
• A África que Incomoda: sobre a problematização do legado africano no quotidiano brasileiro, Belo Horizonte: Nandyala Editora, 2008.
• Racismo e Sociedade: Novas bases epistemológicas para entender o racismo, Belo Horizonte: Mazza Edições, 2007.
• African Presence in the Americas, Trenton, NJ : Africa World Press, 1995;
• Castro, the Blacks, and Africa, Los Angeles : CAAS/UCLA, 1989.
• Were Marx and Engels Racists? - The prolet-Aryan outlook of Marx and Engels, Chicago : IPE, 1972.

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Heroin addicts in Tanzania have a unique refuge at Muhimbili’s National Hospital, which contains one of Africa’s first methadone clinics. Stamil Hamadi is an addict and sex worker who has cycled in and out of treatment since 2012. She hopes to kick the habit for good, but every day is a struggle.

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